FilingFacts

Where company financial data comes from (SEC EDGAR & XBRL)

By FilingFacts Editorial · 2026-06-17

In short: US public companies file their financial statements with the SEC through the EDGAR system. Since 2009 those statements are tagged in XBRL — a machine-readable format that labels each number with a standard concept like 'Revenues' or 'NetIncomeLoss'. The SEC publishes this as free public-domain data through its company facts API, which is the primary source behind data sites, terminals and this one.

When a news article quotes a company’s revenue, or a stock app shows its P/E ratio, that number almost always traces back to one place: a filing on SEC EDGAR. Understanding that chain is the key to trusting financial data — including the data on this site.

The answer first

US public companies must file their financial reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission through a system called EDGAR. Inside each filing, the numbers are tagged in XBRL, a machine-readable format that attaches a standard label and time period to every figure. The SEC then republishes those tagged facts through a free company facts API. That API is the upstream source for data vendors, financial terminals and FilingFacts alike.

The chain, step by step

StepWhat happens
1. Company filesA 10-K (annual) or 10-Q (quarterly) is submitted to the SEC.
2. EDGAR publishesThe filing becomes public on EDGAR, usually within minutes.
3. XBRL tags the numbersEach figure carries a concept (e.g. Revenues), a value, a period and a unit.
4. SEC exposes an APIThe companyfacts endpoint serves every tagged fact as JSON.
5. Sites consume itVendors and tools read the API and present the data.

What XBRL tags look like

XBRL turns a line on a printed statement into a structured record. A revenue figure might be tagged as the concept RevenueFromContractWithCustomerExcludingAssessedTax, with a value, a fiscal period (FY), a form (10-K) and a date range. That structure is what lets a computer reliably pick “annual revenue for fiscal 2025” out of thousands of facts — and it’s exactly how this site builds its dataset. The catch is that the same concept can be tagged under different labels by different filers, which is why robust extraction has to try several concepts. See our methodology for the precise concepts we use.

Using EDGAR yourself

You don’t need any special access:

Why this matters for trust

Because the original source is public, any figure can be verified. Every company page here links to that company’s EDGAR filing list, and every ranking is built from the same public facts. If a number looks wrong, you can always check it against the primary filing — which you should, because data extraction is never perfect.

Keep reading

Now that you know where the data comes from, learn to read the document it lives in: how to read a 10-K.

Figures here are factual data compiled from SEC filings — not investment advice; figures may contain errors or lag the original filing; verify on SEC EDGAR before relying on them.

Frequently asked questions

What is SEC EDGAR?

EDGAR (Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis, and Retrieval) is the SEC's system for receiving and publishing company filings such as the 10-K and 10-Q. It is free, public and the official source of US corporate disclosures.

What is XBRL?

XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language) is a standard that tags each financial figure in a filing with a defined concept and period, making the statements machine-readable. The SEC has required XBRL tagging of financial statements since 2009.

Is SEC filing data free to use?

Yes. SEC filings and the data within them are in the U.S. public domain (17 U.S.C. §105) and can be freely accessed and redistributed. The SEC asks API users to send a descriptive User-Agent and keep request rates reasonable.

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Last updated: 2026-06-17